Dujiangyan irrigation system lies in the west of Dujiangyan city which is in the northwest of Chengdu and sixty kilometers away from it. It lies at the place where Minjiang River flows from mountain area to Chengdu plain. It is a great ancient irrigation system, which is called the brilliant bright pearl of ancient irrigation system.
Before Dujiangyan irrigation system was built, the speed of Minjiang water suddenly decreased when the water flowed from the mouth of mountain, so the water usually became overrun. In the Qin Zhao monarch Dynasty which was about 2250 years ago, Libing from Qin State and his son learned forefathers’ experience of father water, and led the local people to built irrigation system.
The main brilliant idea of the project is the annual silt removal and maintenance plan designed by Li Bing that ensures the projects long-term utilization. The actual structure of the project includes a dyke that divides the Min River into inner and outer flows. The inner flow is then redirected to irrigate local farmland. One interesting thing about the irrigation system is the that project is ongoing and has expanded to more than three times its original irrigated area of 1 million hectares.
The Fulong Temple (Fulong Guan) was erected in 168 to commemorate the taming of the river. Fulong Temple sits in Lidui Park overlooking the split between the inner and outer flows of the Min River. Also, Li Bing's genius is again celebrated at the Two Kings Temple (Erwang Miao) near the dyke. The "two kings", are Li Bing and his son, Er Lang. Two Kings Temple can be found in the western section of Yulei Park overlooking the dike. There are cable cars that run between Lidui Park and Two Kings Temple in Yulei Park.
After Dujiangyan irrigation system was built, Chengdu Plain became a fertile land, which was called “onshore sea”, “Human being controls over drought and flood, people do not know hunger and there is no poor harvest year, so it is called Tianfu which means Land of Abundance” The economy and culture of Si Chuan province had a great development and people benefited a lot. The system still has its functions until nowadays.
A lot of foreign visitors, including some irrigation experts, visit Dujiangyan irrigation system every year. Some experts feel very surprised at its high scientific level after they looked on the design of the whole system carefully. For example, the design of Feishayan Floodgate uses the theory of convoluting stream very well. This weir can be used to irrigate in normal time and discharge water into Outer Canal in flood time, and also has the function of discharging silt and stone. Sometimes big stones can roll away from the weir. There was no cement at that time, people got materials from the local place to build this magnificent project, using bamboo cages to get scree, which saved the cost but had remarkable effects.